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Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
author Diggory Hardy <diggory.hardy@gmail.com>
date Fri, 04 Jul 2008 19:04:16 +0100
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7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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1 /**************************************************************************************************
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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2 * copyright: Copyright (c) 2007-2008 Diggory Hardy.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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3 *
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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4 * author: Diggory Hardy, diggory.hardy@gmail.com
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5 *
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6 * license: BSD style: $(LICENSE)
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7 *
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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8 * This contains templates for converting various data-types to a char[].
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9 *
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10 * parseFrom is roughly the inverse of $(B parseTo).
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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11 * It is also available in tango.scrapple.
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12 *
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13 * This module basically implements the following templated function for most basic D types:
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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14 * bool, byte, short, int, long, ubyte, ushort, uint, ulong, float, double, real, char, wchar,
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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15 * dchar.
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16 * It also supports arrays of any supported type (including of other arrays) and has special
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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17 * handling for strings (char[]) and binary (ubyte[]) data-types.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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18 * -----------------------------
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19 * char[] parseFrom(T) (T value);
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20 * -----------------------------
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21 *
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22 * $(I value) is the value to convert; it is converted to a string and returned.
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23 *
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24 * Syntax:
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25 * The syntax is the same as parseTo; but since this module only generates formatted output
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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26 * knowing the syntax shouldn't be necessary. There is currently no way to specify options like
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27 * output base for ints, precision of floats, or
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28 * whether to write char[] or ubyte[] types as arrays or in their more compact forms.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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29 *
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30 * Throws:
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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31 * On errors, an exception is thrown (UnicodeException or IllegalArgumentException). No other
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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32 * exceptions should be thrown.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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33 *
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34 * Remarks:
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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35 * There is currently no support for outputting wchar/dchar strings. There are, however, unicode
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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36 * conversions for converting UTF-16/32 to UTF-8. Be warned though that many wchar/dchar characters
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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37 * (any that are non-ascii) will not fit in a single char and an exception will be thrown.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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38 *
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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39 * The code does involve some heap activity; this is necessary anyway for returning dynamic arrays.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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40 * (Slices of a pre-allocated array could be returned instead, but for many uses would have to be
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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41 * duplicated before storage, leading to less efficient operation.)
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42 * Most memory allocation has been kept to a minimum.
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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43 *
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44 * Unlike the parseTo!() module, the parseFrom templates could be re-written to use static-ifs
7fc0a8295c83 Moved my parseTo and parseFrom modules from tango.scrapple to mde in order to reduce dependencies.
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45 * instead of type specialisation, thus allowing type inference. However I likely won't bother
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46 * implementing this myself.
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47 *
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48 * Examples:
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49 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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50 * // Examples are printed via Cout.
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51 *
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52 * // Basic examples:
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53 * Cout (parseFrom!(byte) (-13)).newline; // -13
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54 * Cout (parseFrom!(real) (2.56e11)).newline; // 2.55999999999999990000e+11
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55 * Cout (parseFrom!(double[]) ([0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0])).newline; // [0.00000000000000000,1.00000000000000000,2.00000000000000000,3.00000000000000000]
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56 * Cout (parseFrom!(bool[]) ([true,false,false])).newline; // [true,false,false]
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57 *
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58 * // String and ubyte[] special syntaxes (always used):
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59 * Cout (parseFrom!(char[]) ("A string.")).newline; // "A string." (including quotes)
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60 * Cout (parseFrom!(ubyte[]) (cast(ubyte[]) [5u, 0xF1u, 0x10u])).newline; // 0x05f110
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61 *
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62 * // Associative arrays:
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63 * Cout (parseFrom!(char[][byte]) ([-1:"negative one"[], 0:"zero", 1:"one"])).newline; // [0:"zero",1:"one",-1:"negative one"]
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64 *
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65 * // No limit on complexity...
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66 * char[] somethingComplicated = parseFrom!(real[][][bool[int[][]]]) (...);
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67 * ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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68 *************************************************************************************************/
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69
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70 module mde.mergetag.parse.parseFrom;
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71
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72 // tango imports
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73 import tango.core.Exception : UnicodeException, IllegalArgumentException;
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74 import cInt = tango.text.convert.Integer;
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75 import cFloat = tango.text.convert.Float;
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76 import Utf = tango.text.convert.Utf;
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77 import Util = tango.text.Util;
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78
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79 //BEGIN parseFrom templates
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80 /* Idea: could extend parseFrom with a second parameter, containing flags for things like base to output.
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81 * Unnecessary for mergetag though.
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82 */
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83
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84 // Associative arrays
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85
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86 char[] parseFrom(T : T[S], S) (T[S] val) {
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87 char[] ret;
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88 // A guess, including values themselves and [,:] elements (must be at least 2).
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89 ret.length = val.length * (defLength!(T) + defLength!(S) + 2) + 2;
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90 ret[0] = '[';
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91 uint i = 1;
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92 foreach (S k, T v; val) {
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93 char[] s = parseFrom!(S) (k) ~ ":" ~ parseFrom!(T) (v);
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94 i += s.length;
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95 if (i+1 >= ret.length) ret.length = ret.length * 2; // check.
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96 ret[i-s.length .. i] = s;
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97 ret[i++] = ',';
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98 }
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99 if (i == 1) ++i; // special case - not overwriting a comma
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100 ret[i-1] = ']'; // replaces last comma
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101 return ret[0..i];
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102 }
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103 debug (UnitTest) unittest {
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104 char[] X = parseFrom!(char[][char]) (['a':cast(char[])"animal", 'b':['b','u','s']]);
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105 char[] Y = `['a':"animal",'b':"bus"]`;
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106 assert (X == Y);
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107 }
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108
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109
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110 // Arrays
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111
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112 char[] parseFrom(T : T[]) (T[] val) {
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113 char[] ret;
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114 // A guess, including commas and brackets (must be at least 2)
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115 ret.length = val.length * (defLength!(T) + 1) + 2;
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116 ret[0] = '[';
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117 uint i = 1;
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118 foreach (T x; val) {
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119 char[] s = parseFrom!(T) (x);
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120 i += s.length;
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121 if (i+1 >= ret.length) ret.length = ret.length * 2; // check length
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122 ret[i-s.length .. i] = s;
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123 ret[i++] = ',';
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124 }
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125 if (i == 1) ++i; // special case - not overwriting a comma
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126 ret[i-1] = ']'; // replaces last comma
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127 return ret[0..i];
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128 }
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129
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130 // Strings (array special case)
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131 char[] parseFrom(T : char[]) (T val) {
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132 char[] ret = new char[val.length * 2 + 2]; // Initial storage. This should ALWAYS be enough.
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133 ret[0] = '"';
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134 uint i = 1;
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135 for (uint t = 0; t < val.length;) {
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136 // process a block of non-escapable characters
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137 uint s = t;
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138 while (t < val.length && !isEscapableChar(val[t]))
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139 ++t; // skip all non-escapable chars
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140 uint j = i + t - s;
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141 ret[i..j] = val[s..t]; // copy a block
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142 i = j;
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143 // process a block of escapable charaters
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144 while (t < val.length && isEscapableChar(val[t])) {
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145 ret[i++] = '\\'; // backslash; increment i
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146 ret[i++] = replaceEscapableChar(val[t++]); // character; increment i and t
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147 }
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148 }
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149 ret[i++] = '"';
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150 return ret[0..i];
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151 }
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152 // Unicode conversions for strings:
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153 char[] parseFrom(T : dchar[]) (T val) {
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154 // May throw a UnicodeException; don't bother catching and rethrowing:
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155 return parseFrom!(char[]) (Utf.toString (val));
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156 }
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157 char[] parseFrom(T : wchar[]) (T val) {
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158 // May throw a UnicodeException; don't bother catching and rethrowing:
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159 return parseFrom!(char[]) (Utf.toString (val));
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160 }
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161
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162 // Binary (array special case)
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163 char[] parseFrom(T : ubyte[]) (T val) {
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164 static const char[16] digits = "0123456789abcdef";
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165
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166 char[] ret = new char[val.length * 2 + 2]; // exact length
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167 ret[0..2] = "0x";
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168 uint i = 2;
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169
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170 foreach (ubyte x; val) {
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171 ret[i++] = digits[x >> 4];
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172 ret[i++] = digits[x & 0x0F];
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173 }
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174 return ret;
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175 }
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176
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177 debug (UnitTest) unittest {
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178 // generic array stuff:
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179 assert (parseFrom!(double[]) ([1.0, 1.0e-10]) == `[1.00000000000000000,0.10000000000000000e-09]`);
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180 assert (parseFrom!(double[]) (cast(double[]) []) == `[]`); // empty array
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181
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182 // char[] conversions, with commas, escape sequences and multichar UTF8 characters:
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183 assert (parseFrom!(char[][]) ([ ".\""[], [',','\''] ,"!\b€" ]) == `[".\"",",\'","!\b€"]`);
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184
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185 // wchar[] and dchar[] conversions:
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186 // The characters were pretty-much pulled at random from unicode tables.
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187 // The last few cause some wierd (display only) effects in my editor.
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188 assert (parseFrom!(wchar[]) ("Test string: ¶α؟अกሀ搀"w) == "\"Test string: ¶α؟अกሀ搀\"");
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189 assert (parseFrom!(dchar[]) ("Test string: ¶α؟अกሀ搀"d) == "\"Test string: ¶α؟अกሀ搀\"");
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190
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191 assert (parseFrom!(ubyte[]) (cast(ubyte[]) [0x01, 0xF2, 0xAC]) == `0x01f2ac`); // ubyte[] special notation
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192 }
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193
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194
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195 // Basic types
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196
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197 // Char
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198 char[] parseFrom(T : char) (T val) {
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199 // NOTE: if (val > 127) "is invalid UTF-8 single char"
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200 // However we don't know what this is for, in particular if it will be recombined with other chars later
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201
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202 // Can't return reference to static array; making dynamic is cheaper than copying.
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203 char[] ret = new char[4]; // max length for an escaped char
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204 ret[0] = '\'';
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205
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206 if (!isEscapableChar (val)) {
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207 ret[1] = val;
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208 ret[2] = '\'';
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209 return ret[0..3];
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210 } else {
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211 ret[1] = '\\';
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212 ret[2] = replaceEscapableChar (val);
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213 ret[3] = '\'';
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214 return ret;
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215 }
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216 assert (false);
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217 }
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218 // Basic unicode convertions for wide-chars.
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219 // NOTE: any other wide-chars will not fit in a single UTF-8 encoded char.
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220 const char[] WIDE_CHAR_ERROR = "Error: unicode non-ascii character cannot be converted to a single UTF-8 char";
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221 char[] parseFrom(T : wchar) (T val) {
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222 if (val <= 127u) return parseFrom!(char) (cast(char) val); // this char can be converted
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223 else throw new UnicodeException (WIDE_CHAR_ERROR, 0);
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224 }
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225 char[] parseFrom(T : dchar) (T val) {
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226 if (val <= 127u) return parseFrom!(char) (cast(char) val); // this char can be converted
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227 else throw new UnicodeException (WIDE_CHAR_ERROR, 0);
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228 }
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229 debug (UnitTest) unittest {
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230 assert (parseFrom!(char) ('\'') == "\'\\\'\'");
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231 assert (parseFrom!(wchar) ('X') == "'X'");
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232 assert (parseFrom!(dchar) ('X') == "'X'");
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233 }
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234
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235 // Bool
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236 char[] parseFrom(T : bool) (T val) {
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237 if (val) return "true";
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238 else return "false";
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239 }
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240 // too simple to need a unittest
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241
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242 // Signed ints
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243 char[] parseFrom(T : byte) (T val) {
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244 return formatLong (val);
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245 }
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246 char[] parseFrom(T : short) (T val) {
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247 return formatLong (val);
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248 }
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249 char[] parseFrom(T : int) (T val) {
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250 return formatLong (val);
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251 }
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252 char[] parseFrom(T : long) (T val) {
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253 return formatLong (val);
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254 }
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255 // Unsigned ints
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256 char[] parseFrom(T : ubyte) (T val) {
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257 return formatLong (val);
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258 }
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259 char[] parseFrom(T : ushort) (T val) {
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260 return formatLong (val);
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261 }
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262 char[] parseFrom(T : uint) (T val) {
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263 return formatLong (val);
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264 }
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265 char[] parseFrom(T : ulong) (T val) {
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266 if (val > cast(ulong) long.max)
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267 throw new IllegalArgumentException ("No handling available for ulong where value > long.max");
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268 return formatLong (val);
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269 }
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270 debug (UnitTest) unittest {
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271 assert (parseFrom!(byte) (cast(byte) -5) == "-5");
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272 // annoyingly, octal syntax differs from D (blame tango):
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273 assert (parseFrom!(uint[]) ([0b0100u,0724,0xFa59c,0xFFFFFFFF,0]) == "[4,468,1025436,4294967295,0]");
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274 }
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275
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276 // Floats
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277 /* Old calculation (not used):
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278 t.dig+2+4+3 // should be sufficient length (mant + (neg, dot, e, exp neg) + exp (3,4,5 for float,double,real resp.)) */
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279 char[] parseFrom(T : float) (T val) {
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280 char[] ret = new char[32]; // minimum allowed by assert in format
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281 return cFloat.format (ret, val, T.dig+2, 1); // from old C++ tests, T.dig+2 gives best(?) accuracy
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282 }
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283 char[] parseFrom(T : double) (T val) {
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284 char[] ret = new char[32];
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285 return cFloat.format (ret, val, T.dig+2, 1);
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286 }
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287 char[] parseFrom(T : real) (T val) {
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288 char[] ret = new char[32];
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289 return cFloat.format (ret, val, T.dig+2, 1);
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290 }
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291 debug (UnitTest) unittest {
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292 // NOTE: these numbers are not particularly meaningful.
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293 assert (parseFrom!(float) (0.0f) == "0.00000000");
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294 assert (parseFrom!(double) (-1e25) == "-1.00000000000000000e+25");
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295 assert (parseFrom!(real) (cast(real) 4.918e300) == "4.91800000000000000000e+300");
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296 }
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297 //END parrseFrom templates
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298
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299 //BEGIN Length templates
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300 /* This template provides the initial length for strings for formatting various types. These strings
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301 * can be expanded; this value is intended to cover 90% of cases or so.
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302 *
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303 * NOTE: This template was intended to provide specialisations for different types.
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304 * This one value should do reasonably well for most types.
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305 */
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306 private {
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307 template defLength(T) { const uint defLength = 20; }
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308 template defLength(T : char) { const uint defLength = 4; }
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309 template defLength(T : bool) { const uint defLength = 5; }
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310 }
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311 //END Length templates
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312
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313 //BEGIN Utility funcs
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314 private char[] formatLong (long val) {
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315 // May throw an IllegalArgumentException; don't bother catching and rethrowing:
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316 return cInt.toString (val);
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317 }
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318 private bool isEscapableChar (char c) {
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319 return ((c <= '\r' && c >= '\a') || c == '\"' || c == '\'' || c == '\\');
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320 }
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321 // Throws on unsupported escape sequences; however this should never actually happen within parseFrom.
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322 private char replaceEscapableChar (char c) {
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323 // This code was generated:
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324 if (c <= '\v') {
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325 if (c <= '\b') {
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326 if (c == '\a') {
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327 return 'a';
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328 } else if (c == '\b') {
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329 return 'b';
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330 }
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331 } else {
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332 if (c == '\t') {
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333 return 't';
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334 } else if (c == '\n') {
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335 return 'n';
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336 } else if (c == '\v') {
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337 return 'v';
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338 }
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339 }
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340 } else {
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341 if (c <= '\r') {
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342 if (c == '\f') {
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343 return 'f';
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344 } else if (c == '\r') {
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345 return 'r';
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346 }
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347 } else {
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348 if (c == '\"') {
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349 return '\"';
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350 } else if (c == '\'') {
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351 return '\'';
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352 } else if (c == '\\') {
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353 return '\\';
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354 }
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355 }
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356 }
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357
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358 // if we haven't returned:
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359 throw new IllegalArgumentException ("Character is not escapable (internal parseFrom error)");
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360 }
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361
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362 debug (UnitTest) {
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363 import tango.io.Console;
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364
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365 unittest {
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366 Cout ("Running unittest: parseFrom ...").flush;
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367
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368 assert (parseFrom!(char[]) ("\a\b\t\n\v\f\r\"\'\\") == "\"\\a\\b\\t\\n\\v\\f\\r\\\"\\\'\\\\\"");
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369
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370 Cout (" complete").newline;
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371 }
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372 }
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373 //END Utility funcs