view dmd/constfold.c @ 823:794c8af186ce

Fixed non-static struct initializers.
author Tomas Lindquist Olsen <tomas.l.olsen@gmail.com>
date Wed, 03 Dec 2008 01:40:28 +0100
parents eee9efe5b51f
children b30fe7e1dbb9
line wrap: on
line source


// Compiler implementation of the D programming language
// Copyright (c) 1999-2007 by Digital Mars
// All Rights Reserved
// written by Walter Bright
// http://www.digitalmars.com
// License for redistribution is by either the Artistic License
// in artistic.txt, or the GNU General Public License in gnu.txt.
// See the included readme.txt for details.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <math.h>

#if __DMC__
#include <complex.h>
#endif

#include "mem.h"
#include "root.h"

#include "mtype.h"
#include "expression.h"
#include "aggregate.h"
#include "declaration.h"

#ifdef IN_GCC
#include "d-gcc-real.h"

/* %% fix? */
extern "C" bool real_isnan (const real_t *);
#endif

static real_t zero;	// work around DMC bug for now

#define LOG 0

Expression *expType(Type *type, Expression *e)
{
    if (type != e->type)
    {
	e = e->copy();
	e->type = type;
    }
    return e;
}

/* ================================== isConst() ============================== */

int Expression::isConst()
{
    //printf("Expression::isConst(): %s\n", toChars());
    return 0;
}

int IntegerExp::isConst()
{
    return 1;
}

int RealExp::isConst()
{
    return 1;
}

int ComplexExp::isConst()
{
    return 1;
}

int SymOffExp::isConst()
{
    return 2;
}

/* =============================== constFold() ============================== */

/* The constFold() functions were redundant with the optimize() ones,
 * and so have been folded in with them.
 */

/* ========================================================================== */

Expression *Neg(Type *type, Expression *e1)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    if (e1->type->isreal())
    {
	e = new RealExp(loc, -e1->toReal(), type);
    }
    else if (e1->type->isimaginary())
    {
	e = new RealExp(loc, -e1->toImaginary(), type);
    }
    else if (e1->type->iscomplex())
    {
	e = new ComplexExp(loc, -e1->toComplex(), type);
    }
    else
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, -e1->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Com(Type *type, Expression *e1)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, ~e1->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Not(Type *type, Expression *e1)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->isBool(0), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Bool(Type *type, Expression *e1)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->isBool(1), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Add(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

#if LOG
    printf("Add(e1 = %s, e2 = %s)\n", e1->toChars(), e2->toChars());
#endif
    if (type->isreal())
    {
	e = new RealExp(loc, e1->toReal() + e2->toReal(), type);
    }
    else if (type->isimaginary())
    {
	e = new RealExp(loc, e1->toImaginary() + e2->toImaginary(), type);
    }
    else if (type->iscomplex())
    {
	// This rigamarole is necessary so that -0.0 doesn't get
	// converted to +0.0 by doing an extraneous add with +0.0
	complex_t c1;
	real_t r1;
	real_t i1;

	complex_t c2;
	real_t r2;
	real_t i2;

	complex_t v;
	int x;

	if (e1->type->isreal())
	{   r1 = e1->toReal();
	    x = 0;
	}
	else if (e1->type->isimaginary())
	{   i1 = e1->toImaginary();
	    x = 3;
	}
	else
	{   c1 = e1->toComplex();
	    x = 6;
	}

	if (e2->type->isreal())
	{   r2 = e2->toReal();
	}
	else if (e2->type->isimaginary())
	{   i2 = e2->toImaginary();
	    x += 1;
	}
	else
	{   c2 = e2->toComplex();
	    x += 2;
	}

	switch (x)
	{
#if __DMC__
	    case 0+0:	v = (complex_t) (r1 + r2);	break;
	    case 0+1:	v = r1 + i2 * I;		break;
	    case 0+2:	v = r1 + c2;			break;
	    case 3+0:	v = i1 * I + r2;		break;
	    case 3+1:	v = (complex_t) ((i1 + i2) * I); break;
	    case 3+2:	v = i1 * I + c2;		break;
	    case 6+0:	v = c1 + r2;			break;
	    case 6+1:	v = c1 + i2 * I;		break;
	    case 6+2:	v = c1 + c2;			break;
#else
	    case 0+0:	v = complex_t(r1 + r2, 0);	break;
	    case 0+1:	v = complex_t(r1, i2);		break;
	    case 0+2:	v = complex_t(r1 + creall(c2), cimagl(c2));	break;
	    case 3+0:	v = complex_t(r2, i1);		break;
	    case 3+1:	v = complex_t(0, i1 + i2);	break;
	    case 3+2:	v = complex_t(creall(c2), i1 + cimagl(c2));	break;
	    case 6+0:	v = complex_t(creall(c1) + r2, cimagl(c2));	break;
	    case 6+1:	v = complex_t(creall(c1), cimagl(c1) + i2);	break;
	    case 6+2:	v = c1 + c2;			break;
#endif
	    default: assert(0);
	}
	e = new ComplexExp(loc, v, type);
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKsymoff)
    {
	SymOffExp *soe = (SymOffExp *)e1;
	e = new SymOffExp(loc, soe->var, soe->offset + e2->toInteger());
	e->type = type;
    }
    else if (e2->op == TOKsymoff)
    {
	SymOffExp *soe = (SymOffExp *)e2;
	e = new SymOffExp(loc, soe->var, soe->offset + e1->toInteger());
	e->type = type;
    }
    else
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() + e2->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}


Expression *Min(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    if (type->isreal())
    {
	e = new RealExp(loc, e1->toReal() - e2->toReal(), type);
    }
    else if (type->isimaginary())
    {
	e = new RealExp(loc, e1->toImaginary() - e2->toImaginary(), type);
    }
    else if (type->iscomplex())
    {
	// This rigamarole is necessary so that -0.0 doesn't get
	// converted to +0.0 by doing an extraneous add with +0.0
	complex_t c1;
	real_t r1;
	real_t i1;

	complex_t c2;
	real_t r2;
	real_t i2;

	complex_t v;
	int x;

	if (e1->type->isreal())
	{   r1 = e1->toReal();
	    x = 0;
	}
	else if (e1->type->isimaginary())
	{   i1 = e1->toImaginary();
	    x = 3;
	}
	else
	{   c1 = e1->toComplex();
	    x = 6;
	}

	if (e2->type->isreal())
	{   r2 = e2->toReal();
	}
	else if (e2->type->isimaginary())
	{   i2 = e2->toImaginary();
	    x += 1;
	}
	else
	{   c2 = e2->toComplex();
	    x += 2;
	}

	switch (x)
	{
#if __DMC__
	    case 0+0:	v = (complex_t) (r1 - r2);	break;
	    case 0+1:	v = r1 - i2 * I;		break;
	    case 0+2:	v = r1 - c2;			break;
	    case 3+0:	v = i1 * I - r2;		break;
	    case 3+1:	v = (complex_t) ((i1 - i2) * I); break;
	    case 3+2:	v = i1 * I - c2;		break;
	    case 6+0:	v = c1 - r2;			break;
	    case 6+1:	v = c1 - i2 * I;		break;
	    case 6+2:	v = c1 - c2;			break;
#else
	    case 0+0:	v = complex_t(r1 - r2, 0);	break;
	    case 0+1:	v = complex_t(r1, -i2);		break;
	    case 0+2:	v = complex_t(r1 - creall(c2), -cimagl(c2));	break;
	    case 3+0:	v = complex_t(-r2, i1);		break;
	    case 3+1:	v = complex_t(0, i1 - i2);	break;
	    case 3+2:	v = complex_t(-creall(c2), i1 - cimagl(c2));	break;
	    case 6+0:	v = complex_t(creall(c1) - r2, cimagl(c1));	break;
	    case 6+1:	v = complex_t(creall(c1), cimagl(c1) - i2);	break;
	    case 6+2:	v = c1 - c2;			break;
#endif
	    default: assert(0);
	}
	e = new ComplexExp(loc, v, type);
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKsymoff)
    {
	SymOffExp *soe = (SymOffExp *)e1;
	e = new SymOffExp(loc, soe->var, soe->offset - e2->toInteger());
	e->type = type;
    }
    else
    {
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() - e2->toInteger(), type);
    }
    return e;
}

Expression *Mul(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    if (type->isfloating())
    {   complex_t c;
#ifdef IN_GCC
	real_t r;
#else
	d_float80 r;
#endif

	if (e1->type->isreal())
	{
#if __DMC__
	    c = e1->toReal() * e2->toComplex();
#else
	    r = e1->toReal();
	    c = e2->toComplex();
	    c = complex_t(r * creall(c), r * cimagl(c));
#endif
	}
	else if (e1->type->isimaginary())
	{
#if __DMC__
	    c = e1->toImaginary() * I * e2->toComplex();
#else
	    r = e1->toImaginary();
	    c = e2->toComplex();
	    c = complex_t(-r * cimagl(c), r * creall(c));
#endif
	}
	else if (e2->type->isreal())
	{
#if __DMC__
	    c = e2->toReal() * e1->toComplex();
#else
	    r = e2->toReal();
	    c = e1->toComplex();
	    c = complex_t(r * creall(c), r * cimagl(c));
#endif
	}
	else if (e2->type->isimaginary())
	{
#if __DMC__
	    c = e1->toComplex() * e2->toImaginary() * I;
#else
	    r = e2->toImaginary();
	    c = e1->toComplex();
	    c = complex_t(-r * cimagl(c), r * creall(c));
#endif
	}
	else
	    c = e1->toComplex() * e2->toComplex();

	if (type->isreal())
	    e = new RealExp(loc, creall(c), type);
	else if (type->isimaginary())
	    e = new RealExp(loc, cimagl(c), type);
	else if (type->iscomplex())
	    e = new ComplexExp(loc, c, type);
	else
	    assert(0);
    }
    else
    {
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() * e2->toInteger(), type);
    }
    return e;
}

Expression *Div(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    if (type->isfloating())
    {   complex_t c;
#ifdef IN_GCC
	real_t r;
#else
	d_float80 r;
#endif

	//e1->type->print();
	//e2->type->print();
	if (e2->type->isreal())
	{
	    if (e1->type->isreal())
	    {
		e = new RealExp(loc, e1->toReal() / e2->toReal(), type);
		return e;
	    }
#if __DMC__
	    //r = e2->toReal();
	    //c = e1->toComplex();
	    //printf("(%Lg + %Lgi) / %Lg\n", creall(c), cimagl(c), r);

	    c = e1->toComplex() / e2->toReal();
#else
	    r = e2->toReal();
	    c = e1->toComplex();
	    c = complex_t(creall(c) / r, cimagl(c) / r);
#endif
	}
	else if (e2->type->isimaginary())
	{
#if __DMC__
	    //r = e2->toImaginary();
	    //c = e1->toComplex();
	    //printf("(%Lg + %Lgi) / %Lgi\n", creall(c), cimagl(c), r);

	    c = e1->toComplex() / (e2->toImaginary() * I);
#else
	    r = e2->toImaginary();
	    c = e1->toComplex();
	    c = complex_t(cimagl(c) / r, -creall(c) / r);
#endif
	}
	else
	{
	    c = e1->toComplex() / e2->toComplex();
	}

	if (type->isreal())
	    e = new RealExp(loc, creall(c), type);
	else if (type->isimaginary())
	    e = new RealExp(loc, cimagl(c), type);
	else if (type->iscomplex())
	    e = new ComplexExp(loc, c, type);
	else
	    assert(0);
    }
    else
    {   sinteger_t n1;
	sinteger_t n2;
	sinteger_t n;

	n1 = e1->toInteger();
	n2 = e2->toInteger();
	if (n2 == 0)
	{   e2->error("divide by 0");
	    e2 = new IntegerExp(0, 1, e2->type);
	    n2 = 1;
	}
	if (e1->type->isunsigned() || e2->type->isunsigned())
	    n = ((d_uns64) n1) / ((d_uns64) n2);
	else
	    n = n1 / n2;
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, n, type);
    }
    return e;
}

Expression *Mod(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    if (type->isfloating())
    {
	complex_t c;

	if (e2->type->isreal())
	{   real_t r2 = e2->toReal();

#ifdef __DMC__
	    c = fmodl(e1->toReal(), r2) + fmodl(e1->toImaginary(), r2) * I;
#elif defined(IN_GCC)
	    c = complex_t(e1->toReal() % r2, e1->toImaginary() % r2);
#elif (defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version < 800000) || defined(__arm__) || defined(__thumb__)
	// freebsd is kinda messed up. the STABLE branch doesn't support C99's fmodl !?!
	// arm also doesn't like fmodl
	    c = complex_t(fmod(e1->toReal(), r2), fmod(e1->toImaginary(), r2));
#else
	    c = complex_t(fmodl(e1->toReal(), r2), fmodl(e1->toImaginary(), r2));
#endif
	}
	else if (e2->type->isimaginary())
	{   real_t i2 = e2->toImaginary();

#ifdef __DMC__
	    c = fmodl(e1->toReal(), i2) + fmodl(e1->toImaginary(), i2) * I;
#elif defined(IN_GCC)
	    c = complex_t(e1->toReal() % i2, e1->toImaginary() % i2);
#elif (defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version < 800000) || defined(__arm__) || defined(__thumb__)
        // freebsd is kinda messed up. the STABLE branch doesn't support C99's fmodl !?!
	// arm also doesn't like fmodl
	    c = complex_t(fmod(e1->toReal(), i2), fmod(e1->toImaginary(), i2));
#else
	    c = complex_t(fmodl(e1->toReal(), i2), fmodl(e1->toImaginary(), i2));
#endif
	}
	else
	    assert(0);

	if (type->isreal())
	    e = new RealExp(loc, creall(c), type);
	else if (type->isimaginary())
	    e = new RealExp(loc, cimagl(c), type);
	else if (type->iscomplex())
	    e = new ComplexExp(loc, c, type);
	else
	    assert(0);
    }
    else
    {   sinteger_t n1;
	sinteger_t n2;
	sinteger_t n;

	n1 = e1->toInteger();
	n2 = e2->toInteger();
	if (n2 == 0)
	{   e2->error("divide by 0");
	    e2 = new IntegerExp(0, 1, e2->type);
	    n2 = 1;
	}
	if (e1->type->isunsigned() || e2->type->isunsigned())
	    n = ((d_uns64) n1) % ((d_uns64) n2);
	else
	    n = n1 % n2;
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, n, type);
    }
    return e;
}

Expression *Shl(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() << e2->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Shr(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;
    unsigned count;
    integer_t value;

    value = e1->toInteger();
    count = e2->toInteger();
    switch (e1->type->toBasetype()->ty)
    {
	case Tint8:
		value = (d_int8)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tuns8:
		value = (d_uns8)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tint16:
		value = (d_int16)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tuns16:
		value = (d_uns16)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tint32:
		value = (d_int32)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tuns32:
		value = (d_uns32)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tint64:
		value = (d_int64)(value) >> count;
		break;

	case Tuns64:
		value = (d_uns64)(value) >> count;
		break;

	default:
		assert(0);
    }
    e = new IntegerExp(loc, value, type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Ushr(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;
    unsigned count;
    integer_t value;

    value = e1->toInteger();
    count = e2->toInteger();
    switch (e1->type->toBasetype()->ty)
    {
	case Tint8:
	case Tuns8:
		assert(0);		// no way to trigger this
		value = (value & 0xFF) >> count;
		break;

	case Tint16:
	case Tuns16:
		assert(0);		// no way to trigger this
		value = (value & 0xFFFF) >> count;
		break;

	case Tint32:
	case Tuns32:
		value = (value & 0xFFFFFFFF) >> count;
		break;

	case Tint64:
	case Tuns64:
		value = (d_uns64)(value) >> count;
		break;

	default:
		assert(0);
    }
    e = new IntegerExp(loc, value, type);
    return e;
}

Expression *And(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() & e2->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Or(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() | e2->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Xor(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() ^ e2->toInteger(), type);
    return e;
}

/* Also returns EXP_CANT_INTERPRET if cannot be computed.
 */
Expression *Equal(enum TOK op, Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;
    int cmp;
    real_t r1;
    real_t r2;

    //printf("Equal(e1 = %s, e2 = %s)\n", e1->toChars(), e2->toChars());

    assert(op == TOKequal || op == TOKnotequal);

    if (e1->op == TOKnull)
    {
	if (e2->op == TOKnull)
	    cmp = 1;
	else if (e2->op == TOKstring)
	{   StringExp *es2 = (StringExp *)e2;
	    cmp = (0 == es2->len);
	}
	else if (e2->op == TOKarrayliteral)
	{   ArrayLiteralExp *es2 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e2;
	    cmp = !es2->elements || (0 == es2->elements->dim);
	}
	else
	    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    }
    else if (e2->op == TOKnull)
    {
	if (e1->op == TOKstring)
	{   StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	    cmp = (0 == es1->len);
	}
	else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral)
	{   ArrayLiteralExp *es1 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	    cmp = !es1->elements || (0 == es1->elements->dim);
	}
	else
	    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKstring && e2->op == TOKstring)
    {	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	StringExp *es2 = (StringExp *)e2;

	if (es1->sz != es2->sz)
	{
	    assert(global.errors);
	    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
	}
	if (es1->len == es2->len &&
	    memcmp(es1->string, es2->string, es1->sz * es1->len) == 0)
	    cmp = 1;
	else
	    cmp = 0;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && e2->op == TOKarrayliteral)
    {   ArrayLiteralExp *es1 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	ArrayLiteralExp *es2 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e2;

	if ((!es1->elements || !es1->elements->dim) &&
	    (!es2->elements || !es2->elements->dim))
	    cmp = 1;		// both arrays are empty
	else if (!es1->elements || !es2->elements)
	    cmp = 0;
	else if (es1->elements->dim != es2->elements->dim)
	    cmp = 0;
	else
	{
	    for (size_t i = 0; i < es1->elements->dim; i++)
	    {   Expression *ee1 = (Expression *)es1->elements->data[i];
		Expression *ee2 = (Expression *)es2->elements->data[i];

		Expression *v = Equal(TOKequal, Type::tint32, ee1, ee2);
		if (v == EXP_CANT_INTERPRET)
		    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
		cmp = v->toInteger();
		if (cmp == 0)
		    break;
	    }
	}
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && e2->op == TOKstring)
    {	// Swap operands and use common code
	Expression *e = e1;
	e1 = e2;
	e2 = e;
	goto Lsa;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKstring && e2->op == TOKarrayliteral)
    {
     Lsa:
	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	ArrayLiteralExp *es2 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e2;
	size_t dim1 = es1->len;
	size_t dim2 = es2->elements ? es2->elements->dim : 0;
	if (dim1 != dim2)
	    cmp = 0;
	else
	{
	    for (size_t i = 0; i < dim1; i++)
	    {
		uinteger_t c = es1->charAt(i);
		Expression *ee2 = (Expression *)es2->elements->data[i];
		if (ee2->isConst() != 1)
		    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
		cmp = (c == ee2->toInteger());
		if (cmp == 0)
		    break;
	    }
	}
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKstructliteral && e2->op == TOKstructliteral)
    {   StructLiteralExp *es1 = (StructLiteralExp *)e1;
	StructLiteralExp *es2 = (StructLiteralExp *)e2;

	if (es1->sd != es2->sd)
	    cmp = 0;
	else if ((!es1->elements || !es1->elements->dim) &&
	    (!es2->elements || !es2->elements->dim))
	    cmp = 1;		// both arrays are empty
	else if (!es1->elements || !es2->elements)
	    cmp = 0;
	else if (es1->elements->dim != es2->elements->dim)
	    cmp = 0;
	else
	{
	    cmp = 1;
	    for (size_t i = 0; i < es1->elements->dim; i++)
	    {   Expression *ee1 = (Expression *)es1->elements->data[i];
		Expression *ee2 = (Expression *)es2->elements->data[i];

		if (ee1 == ee2)
		    continue;
		if (!ee1 || !ee2)
		{   cmp = 0;
		    break;
		}
		Expression *v = Equal(TOKequal, Type::tint32, ee1, ee2);
		if (v == EXP_CANT_INTERPRET)
		    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
		cmp = v->toInteger();
		if (cmp == 0)
		    break;
	    }
	}
    }
#if 0 // Should handle this
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && e2->op == TOKstring)
    {
    }
#endif
    else if (e1->isConst() != 1 || e2->isConst() != 1)
	return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    else if (e1->type->isreal())
    {
	r1 = e1->toReal();
	r2 = e2->toReal();
	goto L1;
    }
    else if (e1->type->isimaginary())
    {
	r1 = e1->toImaginary();
	r2 = e2->toImaginary();
     L1:
#if __DMC__
	cmp = (r1 == r2);
#else
	if (isnan(r1) || isnan(r2))	// if unordered
	{
	    cmp = 0;
	}
	else
	{
	    cmp = (r1 == r2);
	}
#endif
    }
    else if (e1->type->iscomplex())
    {
	cmp = e1->toComplex() == e2->toComplex();
    }
    else if (e1->type->isintegral())
    {
	cmp = (e1->toInteger() == e2->toInteger());
    }
    else
	return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    if (op == TOKnotequal)
	cmp ^= 1;
    e = new IntegerExp(loc, cmp, type);
    return e;
}

Expression *Identity(enum TOK op, Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;
    int cmp;

    if (e1->op == TOKnull && e2->op == TOKnull)
    {
	cmp = 1;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKsymoff && e2->op == TOKsymoff)
    {
	SymOffExp *es1 = (SymOffExp *)e1;
	SymOffExp *es2 = (SymOffExp *)e2;

	cmp = (es1->var == es2->var && es1->offset == es2->offset);
    }
    else if (e1->isConst() == 1 && e2->isConst() == 1)
	return Equal((op == TOKidentity) ? TOKequal : TOKnotequal,
		type, e1, e2);
    else
	assert(0);
    if (op == TOKnotidentity)
	cmp ^= 1;
    return new IntegerExp(loc, cmp, type);
}


Expression *Cmp(enum TOK op, Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;
    integer_t n;
    real_t r1;
    real_t r2;

    if (e1->type->isreal())
    {
	r1 = e1->toReal();
	r2 = e2->toReal();
	goto L1;
    }
    else if (e1->type->isimaginary())
    {
	r1 = e1->toImaginary();
	r2 = e2->toImaginary();
     L1:
#if __DMC__
	// DMC is the only compiler I know of that handles NAN arguments
	// correctly in comparisons.
	switch (op)
	{
	    case TOKlt:	   n = r1 <  r2;	break;
	    case TOKle:	   n = r1 <= r2;	break;
	    case TOKgt:	   n = r1 >  r2;	break;
	    case TOKge:	   n = r1 >= r2;	break;

	    case TOKleg:   n = r1 <>=  r2;	break;
	    case TOKlg:	   n = r1 <>   r2;	break;
	    case TOKunord: n = r1 !<>= r2;	break;
	    case TOKue:	   n = r1 !<>  r2;	break;
	    case TOKug:	   n = r1 !<=  r2;	break;
	    case TOKuge:   n = r1 !<   r2;	break;
	    case TOKul:	   n = r1 !>=  r2;	break;
	    case TOKule:   n = r1 !>   r2;	break;

	    default:
		assert(0);
	}
#else
	// Don't rely on compiler, handle NAN arguments separately
#if IN_GCC
	if (real_isnan(&r1) || real_isnan(&r2))	// if unordered
#else
	if (isnan(r1) || isnan(r2))	// if unordered
#endif
	{
	    switch (op)
	    {
		case TOKlt:	n = 0;	break;
		case TOKle:	n = 0;	break;
		case TOKgt:	n = 0;	break;
		case TOKge:	n = 0;	break;

		case TOKleg:	n = 0;	break;
		case TOKlg:	n = 0;	break;
		case TOKunord:	n = 1;	break;
		case TOKue:	n = 1;	break;
		case TOKug:	n = 1;	break;
		case TOKuge:	n = 1;	break;
		case TOKul:	n = 1;	break;
		case TOKule:	n = 1;	break;

		default:
		    assert(0);
	    }
	}
	else
	{
	    switch (op)
	    {
		case TOKlt:	n = r1 <  r2;	break;
		case TOKle:	n = r1 <= r2;	break;
		case TOKgt:	n = r1 >  r2;	break;
		case TOKge:	n = r1 >= r2;	break;

		case TOKleg:	n = 1;		break;
		case TOKlg:	n = r1 != r2;	break;
		case TOKunord:	n = 0;		break;
		case TOKue:	n = r1 == r2;	break;
		case TOKug:	n = r1 >  r2;	break;
		case TOKuge:	n = r1 >= r2;	break;
		case TOKul:	n = r1 <  r2;	break;
		case TOKule:	n = r1 <= r2;	break;

		default:
		    assert(0);
	    }
	}
#endif
    }
    else if (e1->type->iscomplex())
    {
	assert(0);
    }
    else
    {   sinteger_t n1;
	sinteger_t n2;

	n1 = e1->toInteger();
	n2 = e2->toInteger();
	if (e1->type->isunsigned() || e2->type->isunsigned())
	{
	    switch (op)
	    {
		case TOKlt:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) <  ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKle:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) <= ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKgt:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) >  ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKge:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) >= ((d_uns64) n2);	break;

		case TOKleg:	n = 1;					break;
		case TOKlg:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) != ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKunord:	n = 0;					break;
		case TOKue:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) == ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKug:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) >  ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKuge:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) >= ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKul:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) <  ((d_uns64) n2);	break;
		case TOKule:	n = ((d_uns64) n1) <= ((d_uns64) n2);	break;

		default:
		    assert(0);
	    }
	}
	else
	{
	    switch (op)
	    {
		case TOKlt:	n = n1 <  n2;	break;
		case TOKle:	n = n1 <= n2;	break;
		case TOKgt:	n = n1 >  n2;	break;
		case TOKge:	n = n1 >= n2;	break;

		case TOKleg:	n = 1;		break;
		case TOKlg:	n = n1 != n2;	break;
		case TOKunord:	n = 0;		break;
		case TOKue:	n = n1 == n2;	break;
		case TOKug:	n = n1 >  n2;	break;
		case TOKuge:	n = n1 >= n2;	break;
		case TOKul:	n = n1 <  n2;	break;
		case TOKule:	n = n1 <= n2;	break;

		default:
		    assert(0);
	    }
	}
    }
    e = new IntegerExp(loc, n, type);
    return e;
}

/* Also returns EXP_CANT_INTERPRET if cannot be computed.
 *  to:	type to cast to
 *  type: type to paint the result
 */

Expression *Cast(Type *type, Type *to, Expression *e1)
{   Expression *e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    //printf("Cast(type = %s, to = %s, e1 = %s)\n", type->toChars(), to->toChars(), e1->toChars());
    //printf("e1->type = %s\n", e1->type->toChars());
    if (type->equals(e1->type) && to->equals(type))
	return e1;

    if (e1->isConst() != 1)
	return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;

    Type *tb = to->toBasetype();
    if (tb->ty == Tbool)
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger() != 0, type);
    else if (type->isintegral())
    {
	if (e1->type->isfloating())
	{   integer_t result;
	    real_t r = e1->toReal();

	    switch (type->toBasetype()->ty)
	    {
		case Tint8:	result = (d_int8)r;	break;
		case Tchar:
		case Tuns8:	result = (d_uns8)r;	break;
		case Tint16:	result = (d_int16)r;	break;
		case Twchar:
		case Tuns16:	result = (d_uns16)r;	break;
		case Tint32:	result = (d_int32)r;	break;
		case Tdchar:
		case Tuns32:	result = (d_uns32)r;	break;
		case Tint64:	result = (d_int64)r;	break;
		case Tuns64:	result = (d_uns64)r;	break;
		default:
		    assert(0);
	    }

	    e = new IntegerExp(loc, result, type);
	}
	else if (type->isunsigned())
	    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toUInteger(), type);
	else
	    e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger(), type);
    }
    else if (tb->isreal())
    {   real_t value = e1->toReal();

	e = new RealExp(loc, value, type);
    }
    else if (tb->isimaginary())
    {   real_t value = e1->toImaginary();

	e = new RealExp(loc, value, type);
    }
    else if (tb->iscomplex())
    {   complex_t value = e1->toComplex();

	e = new ComplexExp(loc, value, type);
    }
    else if (tb->isscalar())
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, e1->toInteger(), type);
    else if (tb->ty == Tvoid)
	e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    else if (tb->ty == Tstruct && e1->op == TOKint64)
    {	// Struct = 0;
	StructDeclaration *sd = tb->toDsymbol(NULL)->isStructDeclaration();
	assert(sd);
	Expressions *elements = new Expressions;
	for (size_t i = 0; i < sd->fields.dim; i++)
	{   Dsymbol *s = (Dsymbol *)sd->fields.data[i];
	    VarDeclaration *v = s->isVarDeclaration();
	    assert(v);

	    Expression *exp = new IntegerExp(0);
	    exp = Cast(v->type, v->type, exp);
	    if (exp == EXP_CANT_INTERPRET)
		return exp;
	    elements->push(exp);
	}
	e = new StructLiteralExp(loc, sd, elements);
	e->type = type;
    }
    else
    {
	error(loc, "cannot cast %s to %s", e1->type->toChars(), type->toChars());
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, 0, type);
    }
    return e;
}


Expression *ArrayLength(Type *type, Expression *e1)
{   Expression *e;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    if (e1->op == TOKstring)
    {	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;

	e = new IntegerExp(loc, es1->len, type);
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral)
    {	ArrayLiteralExp *ale = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	size_t dim;

	dim = ale->elements ? ale->elements->dim : 0;
	e = new IntegerExp(loc, dim, type);
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKassocarrayliteral)
    {	AssocArrayLiteralExp *ale = (AssocArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	size_t dim = ale->keys->dim;

	e = new IntegerExp(loc, dim, type);
    }
    else
	e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    return e;
}

/* Also return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET if this fails
 */
Expression *Index(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

    //printf("Index(e1 = %s, e2 = %s)\n", e1->toChars(), e2->toChars());
    assert(e1->type);
    if (e1->op == TOKstring && e2->op == TOKint64)
    {	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	uinteger_t i = e2->toInteger();

	if (i >= es1->len)
        e1->error("string index %llu is out of bounds [0 .. %"PRIuSIZE"]", i, es1->len);
	else
	{   unsigned value = es1->charAt(i);
	    e = new IntegerExp(loc, value, type);
	}
    }
    else if (e1->type->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray && e2->op == TOKint64)
    {	TypeSArray *tsa = (TypeSArray *)e1->type->toBasetype();
	uinteger_t length = tsa->dim->toInteger();
	uinteger_t i = e2->toInteger();

	if (i >= length)
	{
        e2->error("array index %llu is out of bounds %s[0 .. %llu]", i, e1->toChars(), length);
	}
	else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && !e1->checkSideEffect(2))
	{   ArrayLiteralExp *ale = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	    e = (Expression *)ale->elements->data[i];
	    e->type = type;
	}
    }
    else if (e1->type->toBasetype()->ty == Tarray && e2->op == TOKint64)
    {
	uinteger_t i = e2->toInteger();

	if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && !e1->checkSideEffect(2))
	{   ArrayLiteralExp *ale = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	    if (i >= ale->elements->dim)
	    {
            e2->error("array index %llu is out of bounds %s[0 .. %u]", i, e1->toChars(), ale->elements->dim);
	    }
	    else
	    {	e = (Expression *)ale->elements->data[i];
		e->type = type;
	    }
	}
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKassocarrayliteral && !e1->checkSideEffect(2))
    {
	AssocArrayLiteralExp *ae = (AssocArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	/* Search the keys backwards, in case there are duplicate keys
	 */
	for (size_t i = ae->keys->dim; i;)
	{
	    i--;
	    Expression *ekey = (Expression *)ae->keys->data[i];
	    Expression *ex = Equal(TOKequal, Type::tbool, ekey, e2);
	    if (ex == EXP_CANT_INTERPRET)
		return ex;
	    if (ex->isBool(TRUE))
	    {	e = (Expression *)ae->values->data[i];
		e->type = type;
		break;
	    }
	}
    }
    return e;
}

/* Also return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET if this fails
 */
Expression *Slice(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *lwr, Expression *upr)
{   Expression *e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;

#if LOG
    printf("Slice()\n");
    if (lwr)
    {	printf("\te1 = %s\n", e1->toChars());
	printf("\tlwr = %s\n", lwr->toChars());
	printf("\tupr = %s\n", upr->toChars());
    }
#endif
    if (e1->op == TOKstring && lwr->op == TOKint64 && upr->op == TOKint64)
    {	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	uinteger_t ilwr = lwr->toInteger();
	uinteger_t iupr = upr->toInteger();

	if (iupr > es1->len || ilwr > iupr)
        e1->error("string slice [%llu .. %llu] is out of bounds", ilwr, iupr);
	else
	{   integer_t value;
	    void *s;
	    size_t len = iupr - ilwr;
	    int sz = es1->sz;
	    StringExp *es;

	    s = mem.malloc((len + 1) * sz);
	    memcpy((unsigned char *)s, (unsigned char *)es1->string + ilwr * sz, len * sz);
	    memset((unsigned char *)s + len * sz, 0, sz);

	    es = new StringExp(loc, s, len, es1->postfix);
	    es->sz = sz;
	    es->committed = 1;
	    es->type = type;
	    e = es;
	}
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral &&
	    lwr->op == TOKint64 && upr->op == TOKint64 &&
	    !e1->checkSideEffect(2))
    {	ArrayLiteralExp *es1 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	uinteger_t ilwr = lwr->toInteger();
	uinteger_t iupr = upr->toInteger();

	if (iupr > es1->elements->dim || ilwr > iupr)
        e1->error("array slice [%llu .. %llu] is out of bounds", ilwr, iupr);
	else
	{
	    Expressions *elements = new Expressions();
	    elements->setDim(iupr - ilwr);
	    memcpy(elements->data,
		   es1->elements->data + ilwr,
		   (iupr - ilwr) * sizeof(es1->elements->data[0]));
	    e = new ArrayLiteralExp(e1->loc, elements);
	    e->type = type;
	}
    }
    return e;
}

/* Also return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET if this fails
 */
Expression *Cat(Type *type, Expression *e1, Expression *e2)
{   Expression *e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
    Loc loc = e1->loc;
    Type *t;
    Type *t1 = e1->type->toBasetype();
    Type *t2 = e2->type->toBasetype();

    //printf("Cat(e1 = %s, e2 = %s)\n", e1->toChars(), e2->toChars());

    if (e1->op == TOKnull && (e2->op == TOKint64 || e2->op == TOKstructliteral))
    {	e = e2;
	goto L2;
    }
    else if ((e1->op == TOKint64 || e1->op == TOKstructliteral) && e2->op == TOKnull)
    {	e = e1;
     L2:
	Type *tn = e->type->toBasetype();
	if (tn->ty == Tchar || tn->ty == Twchar || tn->ty == Tdchar)
	{
	    // Create a StringExp
	    void *s;
	    StringExp *es;
	    size_t len = 1;
	    int sz = tn->size();
	    integer_t v = e->toInteger();

	    s = mem.malloc((len + 1) * sz);
	    memcpy((unsigned char *)s, &v, sz);

	    // Add terminating 0
	    memset((unsigned char *)s + len * sz, 0, sz);

	    es = new StringExp(loc, s, len);
	    es->sz = sz;
	    es->committed = 1;
	    e = es;
	}
	else
	{   // Create an ArrayLiteralExp
	    Expressions *elements = new Expressions();
	    elements->push(e);
	    e = new ArrayLiteralExp(e->loc, elements);
	}
	e->type = type;
	return e;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKstring && e2->op == TOKstring)
    {
	// Concatenate the strings
	void *s;
	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	StringExp *es2 = (StringExp *)e2;
	StringExp *es;
	Type *t;
	size_t len = es1->len + es2->len;
	int sz = es1->sz;

	if (sz != es2->sz)
	{
	    /* Can happen with:
	     *   auto s = "foo"d ~ "bar"c;
	     */
	    assert(global.errors);
	    return e;
	}
	s = mem.malloc((len + 1) * sz);
	memcpy(s, es1->string, es1->len * sz);
	memcpy((unsigned char *)s + es1->len * sz, es2->string, es2->len * sz);

	// Add terminating 0
	memset((unsigned char *)s + len * sz, 0, sz);

	es = new StringExp(loc, s, len);
	es->sz = sz;
	es->committed = es1->committed | es2->committed;
	if (es1->committed)
	    t = es1->type;
	else
	    t = es2->type;
	es->type = type;
	e = es;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKstring && e2->op == TOKint64)
    {
	// Concatenate the strings
	void *s;
	StringExp *es1 = (StringExp *)e1;
	StringExp *es;
	Type *t;
	size_t len = es1->len + 1;
	int sz = es1->sz;
	integer_t v = e2->toInteger();

	s = mem.malloc((len + 1) * sz);
	memcpy(s, es1->string, es1->len * sz);
	memcpy((unsigned char *)s + es1->len * sz, &v, sz);

	// Add terminating 0
	memset((unsigned char *)s + len * sz, 0, sz);

	es = new StringExp(loc, s, len);
	es->sz = sz;
	es->committed = es1->committed;
	t = es1->type;
	es->type = type;
	e = es;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKint64 && e2->op == TOKstring)
    {
	// Concatenate the strings
	void *s;
	StringExp *es2 = (StringExp *)e2;
	StringExp *es;
	Type *t;
	size_t len = 1 + es2->len;
	int sz = es2->sz;
	integer_t v = e1->toInteger();

	s = mem.malloc((len + 1) * sz);
	memcpy((unsigned char *)s, &v, sz);
	memcpy((unsigned char *)s + sz, es2->string, es2->len * sz);

	// Add terminating 0
	memset((unsigned char *)s + len * sz, 0, sz);

	es = new StringExp(loc, s, len);
	es->sz = sz;
	es->committed = es2->committed;
	t = es2->type;
	es->type = type;
	e = es;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && e2->op == TOKarrayliteral &&
	e1->type->equals(e2->type))
    {
	// Concatenate the arrays
	ArrayLiteralExp *es1 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	ArrayLiteralExp *es2 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e2;

	es1 = new ArrayLiteralExp(es1->loc, (Expressions *)es1->elements->copy());
	es1->elements->insert(es1->elements->dim, es2->elements);
	e = es1;

	if (type->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray)
	{
	    e->type = new TypeSArray(e1->type->toBasetype()->next, new IntegerExp(0, es1->elements->dim, Type::tindex));
	    e->type = e->type->semantic(loc, NULL);
	}
	else
	    e->type = type;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral && e2->op == TOKnull &&
	t1->nextOf()->equals(t2->nextOf()))
    {
	e = e1;
	goto L3;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKnull && e2->op == TOKarrayliteral &&
	t1->nextOf()->equals(t2->nextOf()))
    {
	e = e2;
     L3:
	// Concatenate the array with null
	ArrayLiteralExp *es = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e;

	es = new ArrayLiteralExp(es->loc, (Expressions *)es->elements->copy());
	e = es;

	if (type->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray)
	{
	    e->type = new TypeSArray(t1->nextOf(), new IntegerExp(loc, es->elements->dim, Type::tindex));
	    e->type = e->type->semantic(loc, NULL);
	}
	else
	    e->type = type;
    }
    else if ((e1->op == TOKarrayliteral || e1->op == TOKnull) &&
	e1->type->toBasetype()->nextOf()->equals(e2->type))
    {
	ArrayLiteralExp *es1;
	if (e1->op == TOKarrayliteral)
	{   es1 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e1;
	    es1 = new ArrayLiteralExp(es1->loc, (Expressions *)es1->elements->copy());
	    es1->elements->push(e2);
	}
	else
	{
	    es1 = new ArrayLiteralExp(e1->loc, e2);
	}
	e = es1;

	if (type->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray)
	{
	    e->type = new TypeSArray(e2->type, new IntegerExp(0, es1->elements->dim, Type::tindex));
	    e->type = e->type->semantic(loc, NULL);
	}
	else
	    e->type = type;
    }
    else if (e2->op == TOKarrayliteral &&
	e2->type->toBasetype()->nextOf()->equals(e1->type))
    {
	ArrayLiteralExp *es2 = (ArrayLiteralExp *)e2;

	es2 = new ArrayLiteralExp(es2->loc, (Expressions *)es2->elements->copy());
	es2->elements->shift(e1);
	e = es2;

	if (type->toBasetype()->ty == Tsarray)
	{
	    e->type = new TypeSArray(e1->type, new IntegerExp(0, es2->elements->dim, Type::tindex));
	    e->type = e->type->semantic(loc, NULL);
	}
	else
	    e->type = type;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKnull && e2->op == TOKstring)
    {
	t = e1->type;
	e = e2;
	goto L1;
    }
    else if (e1->op == TOKstring && e2->op == TOKnull)
    {	e = e1;
	t = e2->type;
      L1:
	Type *tb = t->toBasetype();
	if (tb->ty == Tarray && tb->nextOf()->equals(e->type))
	{   Expressions *expressions = new Expressions();
	    expressions->push(e);
	    e = new ArrayLiteralExp(loc, expressions);
	    e->type = t;
	}
	if (!e->type->equals(type))
	{   StringExp *se = (StringExp *)e->copy();
	    e = se->castTo(NULL, type);
	}
    }
    return e;
}

Expression *Ptr(Type *type, Expression *e1)
{
    //printf("Ptr(e1 = %s)\n", e1->toChars());
    if (e1->op == TOKadd)
    {	AddExp *ae = (AddExp *)e1;
	if (ae->e1->op == TOKaddress && ae->e2->op == TOKint64)
	{   AddrExp *ade = (AddrExp *)ae->e1;
	    if (ade->e1->op == TOKstructliteral)
	    {	StructLiteralExp *se = (StructLiteralExp *)ade->e1;
		unsigned offset = ae->e2->toInteger();
		Expression *e = se->getField(type, offset);
		if (!e)
		    e = EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
		return e;
	    }
	}
    }
    return EXP_CANT_INTERPRET;
}