#summary Notes on the semantic rules of elements in the D programming language
== Type Rules ==
[http://dil.googlecode.com/files/typerules.html Tables] of type rules.

== Classes ==
  * Inherits from Object (defined in module object) if no base class is specified.
  * May inherit only from one class (single inheritance.)
  * May inherit zero to any number of interfaces.
  * The inheritance graph must not have any cycles.
  * All classes can be implicitly cast to object.Object.
  * Methods are "virtual" by default.
  * Is a reference type.
  * Instances are allocated on the heap (or on the stack; see attribute 'scope'.)
  * Every class has a !ClassInfo (from module object.)
  * Attributes:
    * abstract: class can't be instantiated.
    * final: disallows inheritance by other classes.
    * scope: instances are allocated on the stack. Variable declarations of this class must be marked with the scope attribute.
    * const, invariant: D2.0 feature. All declarations inside the class body are marked as const or invariant.
    * deprecated: using the class is an error.
    * static: if a nested class is static it cannot access variables in the surrounding scope.
    * Meaningless: auto, extern, override, synchronized.
== Structs ==
  * 'align' attribute has only a meaning for and in structs.
  * Can't inherit other structs.
  * Is a value type.
== Interfaces ==
  * Can't have fields (member variables.)
  * Methods must be declared but not defined (i.e. no function body.)
  * Can inherit other interfaces.
== Enums ==
  * The base type must be integral and it defaults to int.
  * Named enums have their own scopes.
  * The members of an anonymous enum are inserted into the scope that surrounds the enum declaration.
== Functions ==
  * Variable declarations may not shadow other variables in the surrounding scopes. E.g: `void f(){ int a; { int a;/* Error: shadows outer 'a'*/ } }`
== Variables ==
  * Declarations are default initialized to Type.init.
== Imports ==
  * Private importing is the default.
== Labels ==
  * They are stored in a separate symbol table.